Dynamo-electric machine



S. R. BERGMAN.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED ocT. 23,1919.

1,334,832, Patented ali 23, 1920.

l'nvehtof-t Sven R. Bergman,

His Att r-ney UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. SVEN n. BERGMAN, or nnHANT, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR To GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION on NEW YORK.

DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented lIar, 23, 1920.

Continuation of application Serial No. 142,748, filed January 16, 1917. This application filed October 23,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Synn R. BERGMAN, a subject of the King of Sweden, residing at Nahant, in the county of Essex, State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dynamo-Electric Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to dynamo electric machines and its object is to provide a dynamo electric machine having an improved field winding, which operates in part to operating commutator brushes 2'.

compensate for the armature reaction and in part to produce exciting flux, and which is a )plicable to either a direct current or an aiternating current dynamo electric. machine. V

This application is a continuation of my prior application, Serial No. 142,748, filed January 16, 1917.

The novel features which I believe to be ,patentably characteristic of my invention .are definitely indlcated in the claims annexed hereto. The .principle of the invention and its-application to and embodiment in dynamo electric machines will best be understood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 is a view partly in section, of a dynamo electric machine embodying my invention, and Figs. 2 and 3 are diagrammatic views of the windings of the machine of Fig. 1.

The dynamo electric machine diagrammatically represented in the drawing has a commutated' armature winding 1 and co- A completely distributed compensating winding 3 is carried in distributed slots in the stationary field magnet.

winding 1, and the distributed conductors of the compensating component 3 thereof, have substantially the same' number of ampere turns, as the portion of the armature winding directly beneath the distributed conductors and therefore are proportioned to just neutralize the armature magnetization. The

The conductors of thedistributed field winding-3 form one side of- Serial No. 332,672..

uted slots 9 or 9 in which are carried the uniformly distributed conductors 3, while the return conductors 5 therefor are wound around one end of the pole. In practice,

the distributed conductors 3 need not be uniformly distributed over the entire 180 electrical degrees of the armature winding whose reaction is to be compensated thereby. The distribution of the conductors 3 which is represented in Fig. 2 gives a close enough approximation of complete neutralization of the armature reaction for all practical purposes. Indeed, for most practical purposes, the ratio of the total number of ampere turns of the distributed compensating conductors 3 to the total number of ampere turns of the armature conductors 1 and the electrical are spanned by the distributed conductors 3 is relatively unimportant, so long as the distributed compensating con: ductors have substantially the same number of ampere turns as the portion of the armature winding directly beneath the compensating conductors.

In the 'machine illustrated, the complete field winding is composed of coils of which the conductors of half of each turn act magneticallyto neutralize, in whole or in part, the armature reaction, while the conductors of .the other half of each turn act to produce an exciting flux. In other words, the conductors of half of each coil of this complete field winding are distributed and act, in whole or in part,\as a compensating winding, while the return conductors for such distributed conductors, that is the conductors of the other half of each coil ofthe winding, are concentrated and act to 'pro- 'duce an exciting flux for the machine. This tion herein particularly described, has a relatively small mean length of turn, even smaller than in an ordinary field coil spanning the whole pole.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the principle of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative, andtha-t the invention can be carried out by other means;

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is: 1. -A dynamo-electric machine comprising an armature winding, and a field winding having a plurality of spaced conductors electrically connected to a single group of return conductors, the magnetizing efi'ect of said single group of return conductors considered alone being substantially in quadrature with the axis of magnetization of said armature winding while the magnetizing eifectof said spaced conductors. is such as to substantially neutralize the armature reaction of the machine. I

2. A dynamo-electric machine comprising an armature winding, and a field winding having a plurality of spaced conductors and a single group of return cond'uc'tors', each of said spaced conductors being directly connected in series with a conductor in said single group of return conductors, the magnetizing action of said field winding as a whole being such as to substantially neutralize the armature reaction of the machine connected in series relation with said armature winding, the magnetizing effect of all of the conductors of one-half of each turn.

of said field winding being such as to substantially neutralize the armature reaction of the machine while the magnetizing effect of all the conductors of the other half of each turn of said field winding is such as to produce an exciting fiux substantially in quadrature with the axis of magnetization of said armature winding.

5. A dynamo ele'ctricmachine comprising an armature winding, and a field magnet structure provided with poles, a field winding on said poles having a plurality of spaced conductors and a single group of return conductors, each complete turn of said field winding consisting of one of said spaced conductors and one of said return conductors, said spaced conductors being uniformly distributed over substantially the entire pole face so as to substantially neutralize the armature reaction.

6. A dynamo electric machine comprising an armature winding, and a field winding having a pluralty of spaced conductors and a single group of return conductors, .each complete turn of said field winding consisting of one of said spaced conductors and one of said return conductors, said spaced conductors having substantially the same number of ampere turns 'asthe armature winding directly beneath said field winding.

7. A dynamo electric machine comprising an armature winding and a field magnet structure provided with poles, a field winding on said poles having a plurality of spaced conductors and a single group of return conductors, each complete turn of said field winding consisting of one of said spaced conductors and one of said return conductors, said spaced conductors being uniformly distributed over substantially the entire pole face, the magnetizing effect of said single group of said return conductors considered alone being substantially in quadrature with the axis of magnetization of said armature winding, while the magnetizing efi'ect of said spaced conductors is such as to substantially neutralize the armature reaction of the machine.

8. A dynamo electric machine comprising an armature winding and afield magnet structure provided with poles, a field winding on said poles having a plurality of spaced conductors and a single group of return conductors, each complete turn of said field winding consisting of on of said spaced conductors and one of said return conductors, said spaced conductors being uniformly distributed over substantially the entire pole face and having substantially the same number of ampere turns as the armature winding directly beneath said spaced conductors, the magnetizing effect of said single group of said return conductors considered alone being substantially in quadrature with the axis of magnetization of said armature winding, while the magnetizing effect of said spaced conductors is such as to substantially neutralize the armature reaction of the machine.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this twentieth day of October, 1919.

SVEN R. Bananas. 

